IP Subnet Calculator

Calculate subnets and network addresses

Network Configuration

Quick Reference

Private IP Ranges:
  • • 10.0.0.0/8
  • • 172.16.0.0/12
  • • 192.168.0.0/16
Common Masks:
  • • /24 = 254 hosts
  • • /25 = 126 hosts
  • • /26 = 62 hosts
  • • /27 = 30 hosts

Network Summary

Network:192.168.1.0/24
Broadcast:192.168.1.255
IP Class:Class C (Private)

Total Hosts

256

addresses

Usable Hosts

254

minus network/broadcast

Host Range

First Host:192.168.1.1
Last Host:192.168.1.254
Wildcard:0.0.0.255

Binary Format

Network:
11000000.10101000.00000001.00000000
Netmask:
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
Hex:C0:A8:01:00

How it works

A subnet calculator breaks an IP network into the parts that matter: the network address, the subnet mask, and the range of usable host addresses. The CIDR prefix (like /24) says how many bits identify the network; the rest identify hosts.

Hosts per subnet

Usable hosts = 2^(32 − prefix) − 2
prefix
CIDR network bits (e.g. 24 in /24)
− 2
reserve the network and broadcast addresses

Worked example

  • Network 192.168.1.0/24
  1. Host bits = 32 − 24 = 8
  2. Usable = 2⁸ − 2

254 usable host addresses (mask 255.255.255.0).

Good to know

  • The first address is the network ID and the last is broadcast — neither is assignable, hence the −2.
  • A smaller prefix (/16) means a bigger network; a larger one (/30) means a tiny subnet.
  • Subnetting splits one block into several smaller, isolated networks.

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